{"id":2687,"date":"2023-10-12T21:36:28","date_gmt":"2023-10-12T19:36:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.monoclorammina.it\/the-chemical-principles-of-production\/"},"modified":"2024-09-03T11:46:56","modified_gmt":"2024-09-03T09:46:56","slug":"the-chemical-principles-of-production","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.monoclorammina.it\/en\/the-chemical-principles-of-production\/","title":{"rendered":"The chemical principles of production"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>How Monochloramine is generated<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Monochloramine is produced through the <strong>reaction between a hypochlorous acid precursor and an ammonium source<\/strong>. To ensure maximum production yield and avoid the formation of unwanted by-products, the <strong>production system must ensure:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Precise control of reaction stoichiometry:<\/strong>&#13;\nThe correct balance of the two precursors is essential to ensure the formation of pure monochloramine.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Maintaining an optimal <strong>pH value<\/strong> in the Reaction Solution at pH values above 7.0, the reaction is fully shifted towards the formation of monochloramine only.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><div class=\"flex max-w-full flex-col flex-grow\">&#13;\n<div class=\"min-h-[20px] text-message flex w-full flex-col items-end gap-2 break-words [.text-message+&amp;]:mt-5 overflow-x-auto whitespace-normal\" dir=\"auto\" data-message-author-role=\"assistant\" data-message-id=\"31362dd3-7c73-43a7-a181-4e00a6c03ac2\">&#13;\n<div class=\"flex w-full flex-col gap-1 empty:hidden first:pt-[3px]\">&#13;\n<div class=\"markdown prose w-full break-words dark:prose-invert dark\">&#13;\n&#13;\nOperating under <strong>appropriate pH<\/strong> conditions and adhering to the correct stoichiometry between the two precursors ensures that the process occurs as close as possible to the<strong> ideal situation, where the only by-product of monochloramine synthesis is water (H2O).<\/strong>&#13;\n&#13;\n<\/div>&#13;\n<\/div>&#13;\n<\/div>&#13;\n<\/div><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">NH<sub>3<\/sub>+HOCl -&gt; NH<sub>2<\/sub>Cl+H<sub>2<\/sub>O<strong><em><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>On-site and in line production: A guarantee of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.monoclorammina.it\/la-stabilita-della-monoclorammina-nellacqua-una-soluzione-efficace-per-leliminazione-dei-microrganismi-patogeni\/\">efficiency<\/a> and safety<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Monochloramine must be produced <em>on-site<\/em>, meaning at the location and time of its use, due to its instability at high concentrations. <strong><em>On-site<\/em> <a href=\"https:\/\/it.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Produzione\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">production<\/a> and dosing<\/strong> of monochloramine directly into the water flow to be treated, in proportion to the amount of water being processed,<strong> is the solution that ensures optimal production results.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <strong>two main advantages of this production method are<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\" start=\"1\">\n<li><strong>No accumulation in tanks:<\/strong>&#13;\nAccumulating monochloramine in a tank is not advisable, as it is unstable at high concentrations and may decompose, leading to a loss of concentration and the formation of by-products.&#13;\n&#13;\n\u00a0<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Controlled and proportional dosing:<\/strong>&#13;\nBy producing monochloramine directly in the water, it is possible to control the dosage and apply it proportionally to the volume being treated, ensuring a stable and controlled concentration of monochloramine.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Reaction stoichiometry, pH control, controlled on-site production, and inline dosing: strategies for optimizing the yield of monochloramine formation.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2212,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2687","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-monochloramine"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.monoclorammina.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2687","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.monoclorammina.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.monoclorammina.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.monoclorammina.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.monoclorammina.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2687"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.monoclorammina.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2687\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2688,"href":"https:\/\/www.monoclorammina.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2687\/revisions\/2688"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.monoclorammina.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2212"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.monoclorammina.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2687"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.monoclorammina.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2687"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.monoclorammina.it\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2687"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}